An aircraft carrier must be able to efficiently operate an air combat group.Traditionally an aircraft carrier is supposed to be one ship that can perform at least power projection and sea control missions. Diplomacy, power projection, quick crisis response force, land attack from the sea, sea base for helicopter and amphibious assault forces, Anti-Surface Warfare (ASUW), Defensive Counter Air (DCA), and Humanitarian Aid Disaster Relief (HADR) are some of the missions the aircraft carrier is expected to accomplish. An aircraft carrier must be able to perform increasingly diverse mission sets.Aircraft carriers are among the largest warships, as much deck room is needed.To avoid nuclear submarines, they should be faster than 30 knots. High speed provides additional "wind over the deck," increasing the lift available for fixed-wing aircraft to carry fuel and munitions. Speed is an important asset for aircraft carriers, as they need to be deployed anywhere in the world quickly, and must be fast enough to evade detection and targeting by enemy forces.Future aircraft carriers are under construction or in planning by Brazil, China, France, India, Russia, South Korea, Turkey and the US.įrench aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle (rear), and US Navy carrier USS Ronald Reagan conducting joint operations in the Persian Gulf both with the CATOBAR configuration. Helicopter carriers are operated by Japan (4, two of which are being converted to operate V/STOL fighters), France (3), Australia (2), Egypt (2), South Korea (2), China (2), Thailand (1) and Brazil (1).
Italy operates two light fleet carriers and Spain operates one. France, India, and Russia each operate a single aircraft carrier with a capacity of 30 to 60 fighter jets.
The United Kingdom and China each operate two aircraft carriers. As well as the aircraft carrier fleet, the US Navy has nine amphibious assault ships used primarily for helicopters, although these also each carry up to 20 vertical or short take-off and landing ( V/STOL) fighter jets and are similar in size to medium-sized fleet carriers.
The United States Navy has 11 large nuclear-powered fleet carriers-carrying around 80 fighters each-the largest carriers in the world the total combined deck space is over twice that of all other nations combined. One of its great advantages is that, by sailing in international waters, it does not interfere with any territorial sovereignty and thus obviates the need for overflight authorizations from third-party countries, reduces the times and transit distances of aircraft and therefore significantly increase the time of availability on the combat zone.Īs of February 2022, there are 47 active aircraft carriers in the world operated by fourteen navies. Tactically or even strategically, it replaced the battleship in the role of flagship of a fleet. By its diplomatic and tactical power, its mobility, its autonomy and the variety of its means, the aircraft carrier is often the centerpiece of modern combat fleets. While heavier aircraft such as fixed-wing gunships and bombers have been launched from aircraft carriers, one has yet to successfully land on one. Carriers have evolved since their inception in the early twentieth century from wooden vessels used to deploy balloons to nuclear-powered warships that carry numerous fighters, strike aircraft, helicopters, and other types of aircraft. Typically, it is the capital ship of a fleet, as it allows a naval force to project air power worldwide without depending on local bases for staging aircraft operations. Kennedy, helicopter carrier HMS Ocean-and escort vessels, 2002Īn aircraft carrier is a warship that serves as a seagoing airbase, equipped with a full-length flight deck and facilities for carrying, arming, deploying, and recovering aircraft. Stennis, Charles de Gaulle (French Navy), USS John F. Four modern aircraft carriers of various types- USS John C.
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